• strict warning: Non-static method view::load() should not be called statically in /home/gbwcmnu/public_html/sites/all/modules/views/views.module on line 906.
  • strict warning: Declaration of calendar_plugin_display_page::options_submit() should be compatible with views_plugin_display_page::options_submit(&$form, &$form_state) in /home/gbwcmnu/public_html/sites/all/modules/calendar/includes/calendar_plugin_display_page.inc on line 0.
  • strict warning: Declaration of calendar_plugin_display_page::options() should be compatible with views_object::options() in /home/gbwcmnu/public_html/sites/all/modules/calendar/includes/calendar_plugin_display_page.inc on line 0.
  • strict warning: Declaration of calendar_plugin_display_block::options() should be compatible with views_object::options() in /home/gbwcmnu/public_html/sites/all/modules/calendar/includes/calendar_plugin_display_block.inc on line 0.
  • strict warning: Declaration of calendar_plugin_display_attachment::options_submit() should be compatible with views_plugin_display_attachment::options_submit(&$form, &$form_state) in /home/gbwcmnu/public_html/sites/all/modules/calendar/includes/calendar_plugin_display_attachment.inc on line 0.
  • strict warning: Declaration of calendar_plugin_display_attachment::options() should be compatible with views_object::options() in /home/gbwcmnu/public_html/sites/all/modules/calendar/includes/calendar_plugin_display_attachment.inc on line 0.
  • strict warning: Declaration of calendar_plugin_display_ical::options_submit() should be compatible with views_plugin_display_page::options_submit(&$form, &$form_state) in /home/gbwcmnu/public_html/sites/all/modules/calendar/calendar_ical/calendar_plugin_display_ical.inc on line 0.
  • strict warning: Declaration of date_handler_field_multiple::pre_render() should be compatible with content_handler_field_multiple::pre_render($values) in /home/gbwcmnu/public_html/sites/all/modules/date/date/date_handler_field_multiple.inc on line 0.
  • strict warning: Declaration of views_handler_filter::options_validate() should be compatible with views_handler::options_validate($form, &$form_state) in /home/gbwcmnu/public_html/sites/all/modules/views/handlers/views_handler_filter.inc on line 0.
  • strict warning: Declaration of views_handler_filter::options_submit() should be compatible with views_handler::options_submit($form, &$form_state) in /home/gbwcmnu/public_html/sites/all/modules/views/handlers/views_handler_filter.inc on line 0.
  • strict warning: Declaration of views_handler_filter_boolean_operator::value_validate() should be compatible with views_handler_filter::value_validate($form, &$form_state) in /home/gbwcmnu/public_html/sites/all/modules/views/handlers/views_handler_filter_boolean_operator.inc on line 0.
  • strict warning: Declaration of views_plugin_row::options_validate() should be compatible with views_plugin::options_validate(&$form, &$form_state) in /home/gbwcmnu/public_html/sites/all/modules/views/plugins/views_plugin_row.inc on line 0.
  • strict warning: Declaration of views_plugin_row::options_submit() should be compatible with views_plugin::options_submit(&$form, &$form_state) in /home/gbwcmnu/public_html/sites/all/modules/views/plugins/views_plugin_row.inc on line 0.
  • strict warning: Non-static method view::load() should not be called statically in /home/gbwcmnu/public_html/sites/all/modules/views/views.module on line 906.
  • strict warning: Declaration of views_handler_argument::init() should be compatible with views_handler::init(&$view, $options) in /home/gbwcmnu/public_html/sites/all/modules/views/handlers/views_handler_argument.inc on line 0.
  • strict warning: Declaration of date_api_argument_handler::init() should be compatible with views_handler_argument::init(&$view, &$options) in /home/gbwcmnu/public_html/sites/all/modules/date/includes/date_api_argument_handler.inc on line 0.
  • strict warning: Declaration of calendar_view_plugin_style::options() should be compatible with views_object::options() in /home/gbwcmnu/public_html/sites/all/modules/calendar/includes/calendar_view_plugin_style.inc on line 0.
  • strict warning: Declaration of calendar_plugin_style_ical::init() should be compatible with views_plugin_style::init(&$view, &$display, $options = NULL) in /home/gbwcmnu/public_html/sites/all/modules/calendar/calendar_ical/calendar_plugin_style_ical.inc on line 0.
  • strict warning: Declaration of calendar_plugin_style_ical::options() should be compatible with views_object::options() in /home/gbwcmnu/public_html/sites/all/modules/calendar/calendar_ical/calendar_plugin_style_ical.inc on line 0.

Germination and dormancy of grassy woodland and forest species: effects of smoke, heat, darkness and cold

Title Germination and dormancy of grassy woodland and forest species: effects of smoke, heat, darkness and cold
Publication TypeJournal Article
Year of Publication2000
AuthorsClarke PJ, Davison EA, Fulloon L
JournalAustralian Journal of Botany
Volume48
Edition6
PublisherCSIRO Publishing
KeywordsConservation management
Abstract

The germination requirements of a broad spectrum of common species found in grassy woodlands and forests in the New England region of northern New South Wales were tested in a series of replicated growth-cabinet experiments. The effects of dark/diurnal light and smoke/no smoke were measured on 65 species in an orthogonal experiment, 21 of which were retested after storage for 12 months. The effect of storage for several years was also assessed under a diurnal light regime. In addition, the effects of preimbibition heat (80˚C), and chilling on germination were also measured. A single temperature regime (15˚C night/25˚C day) was used in all treatments for comparative purposes. Most species had high viability and germinability under a diurnal light regime. Small shrub species included, however, a large proportion of species with entrenched dormancy. Light enhanced germination of 21 species significantly, whereas dark stimulated germination of only eight species. Heat and cold treatments also stimulated some germination but more often inhibited germination or produced no effect. Smoke stimulated germination, relative to other cues, in only one species (Ajuga australis) and more often inhibited germination or produced no effect. The relationship between variation in germination (stimulation, no effect or inhibition) of species in six growth-form classes was tested by using contingency tables for each treatment. No significant relationship between growth form and the effects of light, smoke or chilling was detected. Preimbibition heat effects were, however, significantly different among growth forms. Subshrubs showed a higher than expected proportion of species with a heat stimuli while herbaceous species showed a higher than expected proportion of species inhibited by preimbibition heat. Germinability generally increased in herbaceous species when stored at ambient temperatures while it remained relatively constant in woody species. Conversely, viability decreased in herbaceous species but remained relatively more constant in woody species. The effects of seed storage and high germinability suggest that most perennial herbaceous species have transient or short-term persistent seed banks. Germinability, with and without cues, was also negatively correlated with increasing seed size and larger growth forms. These traits might be related to the need for woody species, with soil-stored seed banks, to spread establishment risks in an environment where herbaceous competition and herbivory are likely to be important selection factors.

URLhttp://www.publish.csiro.au/nid/66/issue/361.htm

Calendar

«  
  »
M T W T F S S
 
 
 
 
1
 
2
 
3
 
4
 
5
 
6
 
7
 
8
 
9
 
10
 
11
 
12
 
13
 
14
 
15
 
16
 
17
 
18
 
19
 
20
 
21
 
22
 
23
 
24
 
25
 
26
 
27
 
28
 
29
 
30
 
31
 
Add to calendar